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| − | | + | Ravi Varma and Raja Varma travel to Mysore, and spend time painting different members of the Royal Family. |
| − | | in?=
| + | Apart from remuneration, Ravi Varma is also gifted two elephants. |
| − | | cp=18th century
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| − | | c=19th century
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| − | | cf=20th century
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| − | | yp1=1882
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| − | | yp2=1883
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| − | | yp3=1884
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| − | | year=1885
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| − | | ya1=1886
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| − | | ya2=1887
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| − | | ya3=1888
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| − | | dp3=1850s
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| − | | dp2=1860s
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| − | | dp1=1870s
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| − | | d=1880s
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| − | | dn1=1890s
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| − | | dn2=1900s
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| − | | dn3=1910s
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| − | }}
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| − | {{C19YearInTopic}}
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| − | '''1885''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCLXXXV]]''') is a [[common year starting on Thursday]].
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| − | | |
| − | ==Events==
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| − | ===January===
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| − | * [[January 4]] - The first successful [[appendectomy]] is performed by Dr. [[William W. Grant]] on Mary Gartside.
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| − | * [[January 20]] - [[L.A. Thompson]] patents the [[roller coaster]].
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| − | * [[January 26]] - Troops loyal to the [[Mahdi]] conquer [[Khartoum]]
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| − | * [[January 27]] - [[Plague]]
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| − | | |
| − | ===February===
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| − | * [[February 5]] - King [[Léopold II of Belgium]] establishes the [[Congo Free State]] as a personal possession.
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| − | * [[February 9]] - The first [[Japan]]ese arrive in [[Hawaii]].
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| − | * [[February 18]] - [[Mark Twain]]'s ''Adventures of [[Huckleberry Finn]]'' is published for the first time.
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| − | * [[February 21]] - [[United States|US]] president [[Chester A. Arthur]] dedicates the [[Washington Monument]]
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| − | * [[February 23]] - British executioner fails to [[hanging|hang]] [[John Lee]], sentenced of the murder of Emma Keyse. Sentence is commuted to [[life imprisonment]]
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| − | * [[February 26]] - Final Act of the [[Berlin Conference, 1884-85|Berlin Conference]] regulates [[Europe]]an colonisation and trade in [[Africa]].
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| − | | |
| − | ===March===
| |
| − | * March-May - [[North-West Rebellion]] took place and was put down in [[Canada]].
| |
| − | * [[March 3]] - A subsidiary of the [[American Bell Telephone Company]], American Telephone and Telegraph ([[AT&T]]), is incorporated in [[New York]].
| |
| − | * [[March 4]] - [[Grover Cleveland]] replaces [[Chester A. Arthur]] as [[President of the United States]].
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| − | * [[March 14]] - [[W. S. Gilbert]] and [[Arthur Sullivan]]'s ''[[The Mikado]]'' opens at the [[Savoy Theatre]].
| |
| − | * [[March 26]] - ''[[The Times]]'' reports that "A lady well-known in literary and scientific circles" has been [[cremation|cremated]] by the [[Cremation Society]] in [[Woking]], [[Surrey]]. [[Jeannette C. Pickersgill]] was the first person to be officially cremated in the [[United Kingdom]]
| |
| − | * [[March 30]] - [[Pandjeh Incident]] - Russian force routs Afghan troops and drive them across the [[Pul-iKhishti]] bridge
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| − | * [[March 31]] - The [[United Kingdom]] establishes a [[protectorate]] over [[Bechuanaland]].
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===April===
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| − | * April 30 - A bill is signed in the New York State legislature forming the [[Niagara Falls|Niagara Falls State Park]]
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| − | | |
| − | ===May===
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| − | *[[May 2]]
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| − | **[[Good Housekeeping]] magazine goes on sale for the first time.
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| − | **[[Cree]] and [[Assiniboine]] warriors won the [[Battle of Cut Knife]], their largest victory over [[Canada|Canadian]] forces during the [[North-West Rebellion]].
| |
| − | **The [[Congo Free State]] is established by King [[Léopold II of Belgium]].
| |
| − | * [[May 9]]-[[May 12|12]] - [[Canada|Canadian]] government forces inflict decisive defeat on [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]] rebels at the [[Battle of Batoche]].
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===June===
| |
| − | * [[June 17]] - The [[Statue of Liberty]] arrives in [[New York City|New York Harbor]].
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| − | * [[June 24]] - [[Lord_Randolph_Churchill|Randolph Churchill]] becomes [[Secretary of State for India]]
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| − | | |
| − | ===July===
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| − | * [[July 6]] - [[Louis Pasteur]] successfully tests his [[vaccine]] against [[rabies]]. The patient is Joseph Meister; a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog.
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| − | * [[July 15]] - The Reservation at [[Niagara Falls]] opens, enabling access to all for free. [[Thomas Vincent Welch|Thomas V. Welch]] is the first Superintendent of the Park.
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| − | * [[July 20]] - Professional [[soccer|football]] legalized in Britain
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===September===
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| − | * [[September 2]] - In [[Rock Springs, Wyoming]], 150 white miners attack their [[China|Chinese]] coworkers, killing 28, wounding 15, and forcing several hundred more out of town.
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| − | *[[September 6]] - Eastern Rumelia declares its union with Bulgaria. The Unification of Bulgaria is accomplished.
| |
| − | * [[September 18]] - Union of [[Eastern Rumelia]] with [[Bulgaria]] proclaimed at [[Plovdiv]].
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| − | * [[September 30]] - A British force abolishes the [[Boer]] republic of [[Stellaland]] and adds it to [[British Bechuanaland]].
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| − | | |
| − | ===November===
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| − | * [[November 7]] - [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] finished - Finally: In [[Craigellachie, British Columbia]], construction ends on a [[railway]] extending across [[Canada]]. Prime Minister [[John A. Macdonald]] considered the project to be vital to [[Canada]] because it was very important in the world wars to bring in reinforcements and armory.
| |
| − | * [[November 11]] - [[George S. Patton, Jr.]] Born in [[San Gabriel, California]].
| |
| − | * [[November 14]]-[[November 28|28]] - [[Serbo-Bulgarian War]]: [[Serbia]] declares war against [[Bulgaria]] but is defeated in [[Battle of Slivnitsa]] on [[November 17]]-[[November 19|19]].
| |
| − | * [[November 16]] - [[Canada|Canadian]] rebel leader of the [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]], [[Louis Riel]] is executed for high [[treason]].
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| − | | |
| − | ===December===
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| − | * [[December 1]] - The [[US Patent Office]] acknowledges this date as the day [[Dr Pepper]] was served for the very first time; the exact date of [[Dr Pepper]]'s invention is unknown.
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| − | * [[December 28]] - 72 [[India]]n lawyers, academicians and journalists gather in [[Bombay]] to form the [[Congress Party]]
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| − | | |
| − | ===Unknown Dates===
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| − | *Creation of the first genuine [[bicycle]], the [[Rover (car)|Rover]], by John K Starley.
| |
| − | *[[John Boyd Dunlop]] invents the pneumatic [[tire]].
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| − | * [[Cholera epidemic]] in [[Spain]] – one of the victims is the king [[Alfonso XII of Spain|Alfonso XII]]
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| − | * [[Third Burmese War]] begins
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| − | * [[Sitting Bull]] joins [[Buffalo Bill]]
| |
| − | * [[Nikola Tesla]] sells a number of his patents to [[George Westinghouse]]
| |
| − | * [[William Stanley (physicist)|William Stanley, Jr.]] builds the first practical [[alternating current]] [[transformer]] device, the [[induction coil]].
| |
| − | * [[Local anesthetic]]
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| − | * First [[skyscraper]] – [[Home Insurance Building]] in [[Chicago, Illinois]], USA (10 floors)
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| − | * [[Bicycle Playing Cards]] first produced
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| − | * [[SSAFA]] established
| |
| − | * [[Camp Dudley]], the oldest continually running boys camp in America, was founded.
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| − | | |
| − | ==Births==
| |
| − | * [[January 6]] - [[Florence Turner]], American actress (d. [[1946]])
| |
| − | * [[January 8]] - [[John Curtin]], [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. [[1945]])
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| − | * [[January 11]] - [[Jack Hoxie]], American actor, rodeo performer (d. [[1965]])
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| − | * [[January 11]] - [[Alice Paul]], American women's rights activist (d. [[1977]])
| |
| − | * [[January 21]] - [[Umberto Nobile]], Italian politician and airship designer (d. [[1978]])
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| − | * [[January 27]] - [[Jerome Kern]], American composer (d. [[1945]])
| |
| − | * [[January 27]] - [[Eduard Künneke]], German composer (d. [[1953]])
| |
| − | * [[January 27]] - [[Harry Ruby]], American musician, composer, and writer (d. [[1974]])
| |
| − | * [[January 29]] - [[Leadbelly]], American musician (d. [[1949]])
| |
| − | * [[February 7]] - [[Sinclair Lewis]], American writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | * [[February 9]] - [[Alban Berg]], Austrian composer (d. [[1935]])
| |
| − | * [[February 13]] - [[Bess Truman]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (d. [[1982]])
| |
| − | * [[February 15]] - [[Princess Alice of Battenberg]] (d. [[1969]])
| |
| − | * [[February 21]] - [[Sacha Guitry]], Russian-born dramatist, writer, director, and actor (d. [[1957]])
| |
| − | * [[February 24]] - [[Chester Nimitz]], U.S. admiral (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[February 24]] - [[Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiewicz|Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz]], Polish writer and painter (d. [[1939]])
| |
| − | * [[March 6]] - [[Ring Lardner]], American writer (d. [[1933]])
| |
| − | * [[March 7]] - [[John Tovey]], British admiral of the fleet (d. [[1971]])
| |
| − | * [[March 11]] - Sir [[Malcolm Campbell]], English land and water racer (d. [[1948]])
| |
| − | * [[March 14]] - [[Raoul Lufbery]], World War I American pilot (d. [[1918]])
| |
| − | * [[March 31]] - [[Pascin]], Bulgarian painter (d. [[1930]])
| |
| − | * [[April 1]] - [[Wallace Beery]], American actor (d. [[1949]])
| |
| − | * [[April 3]] - [[Allan Dwan]], Canadian-born film director (d. [[1981]])
| |
| − | * [[April 4]] - [[Arthur Murray]], American dancer (d. [[1991]])
| |
| − | * [[May 2]] - [[Hedda Hopper]], American columnist (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[May 7]] - [[George 'Gabby' Hayes]], American actor (d. [[1969]])
| |
| − | * [[May 9]] - [[Eduard C. Lindeman]], American social worker and author
| |
| − | * [[May 14]] - [[Otto Klemperer]], German conductor (d. [[1973]])
| |
| − | * [[May 21]] - [[Oscar A.C. Lund]], Swedish film actor, director, and writer (d. [[1963]])
| |
| − | * [[May 22]] - [[Toyoda Soemu]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1957]])
| |
| − | * [[June 9]] - [[John Edensor Littlewood]], British mathematician (d. [[1977]])
| |
| − | * [[June 14]] - [[E. L. Grant Watson]], writer, anthropologist, and biologist (d. [[1970]])
| |
| − | * [[June 22]] - [[Milan Vidmar]], Slovenian electrical engineer and chess player (d. [[1962]])
| |
| − | * [[July 4]] - [[Louis B. Mayer]], American film producer (d. [[1957]])
| |
| − | * [[July 14]] - King [[Sisavang Vong]] of Laos (d. [[1959]])
| |
| − | * [[July 28]] - [[Monte Attell]], American boxer (d. [[1960]])
| |
| − | * [[August 1]] - [[George de Hevesy]], Hungarian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[September 11]] - [[D.H. Lawrence]], English author (d. [[1930]])
| |
| − | * [[September 22]] - [[Ben Chifley]], [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | * [[October 3]] - [[Sophie Treadwell]], American playwright and journalist (d. [[1970]])
| |
| − | * [[October 7]] - [[Niels Bohr]], Danish physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1962]])
| |
| − | *[[October 11]] - [[François Mauriac]], French writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1970]])
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| − | * [[October 30]] - [[Ezra Pound]], American poet (d. [[1972]])
| |
| − | * [[November 2]] - [[Harlow Shapley]], American astronomer (d. [[1972]])
| |
| − | * [[November 5]] - [[Will Durant]], American philosopher and writer (d. [[1981]])
| |
| − | * [[November 9]] ([[October 28]] (O.S.)) - [[Velimir Khlebnikov]], Russian poet (d. [[1922]])
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| − | * [[November 11]] - [[George Patton]], American general (d. [[1945]])
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| − | *[[November 20]] - [[Heinrich Brüning]], [[Chancellor of Germany]] (d. [[1970]])
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| − | *[[December 2]] - [[George Minot]], American physician, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1950]])
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| − | * [[December 19]] - [[Joe "King" Oliver]], American jazz musician (d. [[1938]])
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| − | | |
| − | ==Deaths==
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| − | * [[January 26]] - [[Charles George Gordon|Charles "Chinese" Gordon]], British general (killed in battle) (b. [[1833]])
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| − | * [[April 2]] - [[Justo Rufino Barrios]], Central American leader (b. [[1835]])
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| − | * [[May 22]] - [[Victor Hugo]], French author (b. [[1802]])
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| − | * [[July 23]] - [[Ulysses S. Grant|Ulysses Simpson Grant]], [[American Civil War]] general and the 18th [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] (b. [[1822]])
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| − | * [[August 10]] - [[James W. Marshall| James Wilson Marshall]], American contractor and builder of [[Sutter's Mill]] (b. [[1810]])
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| − | * [[September 15]] - [[Jumbo]] the elephant (train accident)
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| − | * [[November 16]] - [[Louis Riel]], Canadian leader (hanged for treason) (b. [[1844]])
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| − | * [[November 25]] - King [[Alfonso XII of Spain]] (b. [[1857]])
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| − | * November 25 - [[Thomas A. Hendricks|Thomas Hendricks]], [[Vice President of the United States]] (b. [[1819]])
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| − | * [[November 26]] - [[Thomas Andrews (scientist)|Thomas Andrews]], Irish chemist (b.[[1813]])
| |
| − | * [[December 8]] - [[William Henry Vanderbilt]], American entrepreneur (b. [[1821]])
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| − | ==External links==
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| − | *[http://www.coinpage.com/1885-pictures.html 1885 Coin Pictures]
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| − | | |
| − | 1885 Magic Lantern [http://www.harappa.com/magic/index.html]
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| − | [[Category:1885]]
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D.G. Phalke passes Matric from Maratha High School, Bombay.
Eastman invents and markets roll holder cameras for 48 exposures.
In the same city, Dhurander, a young Hindu, has walked in mesmerised, to Terry's School- J.J. School of Art.
An early student, Mahadev V.Dhurandhar, describes the first day at the school. After admission, the student came to the drawing class carrying a drawing board, a shading box and drawing paper. He was to be taught the importance of tones with simple plaster cubes, cylinders and spheres which were placed against a white screen. The learner began with freehand drawings, which was subsequently shaded by him to bring out the different tones of three aspects of natural light:incidental, reflected and diffused. The exercise took several days to complete. With a written approval of the Vice- Principal that he has mastered simple tones, he proceeded to higher stages, namely, time drawing or shading of foliage and antique casts.
Dhurandhar before the front hall of the school, with its statues
Standing in front of the huge Plaster-of-Paris statues of the Venus de' Medici, Apollo Belvedere, Apollo Saurochthonos and The Discobolos I felt as if in a dream...I went round and round the statues and yet I was not sated...
Even out on the street, I felt like one possessed and kept seeing them appear before me
Shilpa Pushpanjali an art journal and Balak, a children's magazine, started in Bengal. Both use lithograph prints as illustrations.
Ravi Varma and Raja Varma travel to Mysore, and spend time painting different members of the Royal Family.
Apart from remuneration, Ravi Varma is also gifted two elephants.
