|
|
| Line 51: |
Line 51: |
| | Folk Tales of Bengal ( 1883) | | Folk Tales of Bengal ( 1883) |
| | Wide Awake Stories (1884) | | Wide Awake Stories (1884) |
| − |
| |
| − | {{yearbox|
| |
| − | | in?=
| |
| − | | cp=18th century
| |
| − | | c=19th century
| |
| − | | cf=20th century
| |
| − |
| |
| − | | yp1=1881
| |
| − | | yp2=1882
| |
| − | | yp3=1883
| |
| − | | year=1884
| |
| − | | ya1=1885
| |
| − | | ya2=1886
| |
| − | | ya3=1887
| |
| − |
| |
| − | | dp3=1850s
| |
| − | | dp2=1860s
| |
| − | | dp1=1870s
| |
| − | | d=1880s
| |
| − | | dn1=1890s
| |
| − | | dn2=1900s
| |
| − | | dn3=1910s
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | {{C19YearInTopic}}
| |
| − | '''1884''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCLXXXIV]]''') is a [[leap year starting on Tuesday]] (click on link to calendar) of the [[Gregorian calendar]] (or a [[leap year starting on Thursday]] of the 12-day-slower [[Julian calendar]]).
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Events==
| |
| − | * [[January 4]] - The [[Fabian Society]] is founded in [[London]].
| |
| − | * [[January 18]] - [[William Price (doctor)|Dr William Price]] attempts to [[cremation|cremate]] the body of his infant son, Jesus Christ Price, setting a legal precedent for cremation in the UK.
| |
| − | * [[February 1]] - Edition one of the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' is published.
| |
| − | * [[March 13]] - The siege of [[Khartoum]], [[Sudan]] begins (ends on [[January 26]], [[1885]]).
| |
| − | * [[April 22]] - [[Colchester]] earthquake, [[England]]; the [[United Kingdom|UK]]'s most destructive.
| |
| − | * [[May 1]] - the first proclamation of [[Eight hour day|eight-hour workday]] by the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions in the [[United States]]. May 1st, called ''[[May Day]]'' or ''[[Labour Day]]'', is now a holiday recognized in almost every industrialized country.
| |
| − | * [[July 5]] - [[Germany]] takes possession of [[Cameroon]].
| |
| − | * [[August 5]] - The cornerstone for the [[Statue of Liberty]] is laid on [[Bedloe's Island]] in [[New York Harbor]].
| |
| − | * [[August 10]] - A severe [[earthquake]], [[Richter magnitude scale|magnitude 5.5]], (intensity [[Mercalli Intensity Scale|VII]]) occurs off the northeast Atlantic coast. The area affected extends from central [[Virginia]] to southern [[Maine]], and west as far as [[Cleveland]].
| |
| − | * [[October]] - [[International Meridian Conference]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] fixes the [[Greenwich meridian]] as the world's prime meridian.
| |
| − | * [[October 6]] - [[United States Naval War College]] established in [[Newport, Rhode Island]].
| |
| − | * [[October 18]] - [[University of Wales, Bangor]] ([[United Kingdom|UK]]) founded.
| |
| − | * [[October 22]] - The first woman receives a degree from an Irish university. The degree is granted by the [[Royal University of Ireland]].
| |
| − | * [[November 1]] - The Irish [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] is founded in Thurles, [[Ireland]].
| |
| − | * [[November 2]] - [[Timisoara]] is the first town of [[Europe]] with streets illuminated by electric light.
| |
| − | * [[November 4]] - [[U.S. presidential election, 1884|U.S. presidential election]]: [[United States Democratic Party|Democrat]] [[Grover Cleveland]] defeats [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] [[James G. Blaine]] in a very close contest to win the first of his non-consecutive terms.
| |
| − | * [[November 15]] - The [[Berlin Conference]] which regulated [[Europe]]an [[Colonization of Africa|colonisation]] and trade in [[Africa]] begins (ends [[February 26]], [[1885]]).
| |
| − | * [[November 25]] - British surgeon [[John Dooglee]] makes the first successful removal of a [[brain tumor]].
| |
| − | * [[December 1]] - [[American Old West]] - Near Frisco, [[New Mexico]] (now [[Reserve, New Mexico]]), deputy sheriff [[Elfego Baca]] holds off a gang of 80 Texan [[cowboy]]s who want to kill him for arresting cowboy Charles McCarthy (the cowboys were terrorizing the area's [[Hispanos]] and Baca was working against them).
| |
| − | * [[December 6]] - [[Washington Monument]] was completed.
| |
| − | * [[December 16]] - [[World Cotton Centennial]] [[World's Fair]] opens in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]].
| |
| − | * [[Bechuanaland Protectorate|Bechuanaland]] becomes British [[protectorate]].
| |
| − | * [[Stefan-Boltzmann law]] reformulated by [[Ludwig Boltzmann]].
| |
| − | * [[British Police#Use of Firearms|British Police officers]] go on armed patrol in [[London]].
| |
| − | * [[Mark Twain]] writes ''[[The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn]]''.
| |
| − | * [[Vanity Fair]] by [[William Thackeray]] is published.
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===Environmental change===
| |
| − | * The [[Water Hyacinth]] is introduced in the US and quickly becomes an [[invasive species]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Births==
| |
| − | ===January-March===
| |
| − | * [[January 2]] - [[Oscar Micheaux]], American filmmaker and author (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | * [[January 12]] - [[Texas Guinan]], American vaudeville performer (d. [[1933]])
| |
| − | * [[January 13]] - [[Sophie Tucker]], Russian-born singer and comedienne (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[January 21]] - [[Roger Baldwin]], American social activist (d. [[1981]])
| |
| − | * [[January 23]] - [[Ralph DePalma]], Italian-born race car driver (d. [[1956]])
| |
| − | * [[January 28]] - [[Auguste Piccard]], Swiss physicist, balloonist, and inventor (d. [[1962]])
| |
| − | * [[January 31]] - [[Theodor Heuss]], German politician and publicist (d. [[1963]])
| |
| − | * [[February 12]] - [[Max Beckmann]], German painter and graphic artist (d. [[1950]])
| |
| − | * [[February 12]] - [[Marie Vassilieff]], Russian artist (d. [[1957]])
| |
| − | * [[February 13]] - [[Alfred Carlton Gilbert]], American athlete and inventor (d. [[1961]])
| |
| − | * [[February 14]] - [[Hezekiah M. Washburn]], missionary (d. [[1972]])
| |
| − | * [[February 16]] - [[Robert J. Flaherty]], American filmmaker (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | * [[February 18]] - [[Andrew Watson Myles]], Canadian politician (d. [[1970]])
| |
| − | * [[February 22]] - [[Abe Attell]], American boxer (d. [[1970]])
| |
| − | * [[March 13]] - Sir [[Hugh Walpole]], English novelist (d. [[1941]])
| |
| − | * [[March 17]] - [[Alcide Nunez]], American jazz musician (d. [[1934]])
| |
| − | * [[March 24]] - [[Peter Debye]], Dutch chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[March 25]] - [[Georges Imbert]], Alsatian chemist (d. [[1950]])
| |
| − | * [[March 26]] - [[Wilhelm Backhaus]], German pianist (d. [[1969]])
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===April-December===
| |
| − | * [[April 4]] - [[Isoroku Yamamoto]], Japanese naval commander (d. [[1943]])
| |
| − | * [[April 6]] - [[Walter Huston]], actor (d. [[1950]])
| |
| − | *[[April 12]] - [[Otto Fritz Meyerhof]], German-born physician and biochemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | * [[May 1]] - [[Henry Norwest]], Canadian World War I sniper (d. [[1918]])
| |
| − | * [[May 8]] - [[Harry S. Truman]], 33rd [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1972]])
| |
| − | * [[May 10]] - [[Olga Petrova]], English-born actress (d. [[1977]])
| |
| − | * [[May 14]] - [[Claudius Dornier]], German aircraft designer (d. [[1969]])
| |
| − | * [[May 27]] - [[Max Brod]], Austrian author (d. [[1968]])
| |
| − | * [[May 28]] - [[Edvard Beneš]], Austrian politician (d. [[1948]])
| |
| − | * [[July 12]] - [[Amedeo Modigliani]], Italian painter and sculptor (d. [[1920]])
| |
| − | * [[July 23]] - [[Emil Jannings]], Swiss actor (d. [[1950]])
| |
| − | * [[August 10]] - [[Panait Istrati]], Romanian writer (d. [[1935]])
| |
| − | * [[August 23]] - [[Will Cuppy]], American humorist (d. [[1949]])
| |
| − | * [[August 30]] - [[Theodor Svedberg]], Swedish chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1971]])
| |
| − | * [[September 17]] - [[Charles Tomlinson Griffes]], American composer (d. [[1920]])
| |
| − | * [[September 24]] - [[Hugo Schmeisser]], German weapons designer (d. [[1953]])
| |
| − | * [[October 11]] - [[Friedrich Bergius]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1949]])
| |
| − | * [[October 11]] - [[Eleanor Roosevelt]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (d. [[1962]])
| |
| − | * [[November 20]] - [[Norman Thomas]], American social reformer (d. [[1968]])
| |
| − | * [[December 30]] - [[Tojo Hideki]], [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (d. [[1948]])
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ===Exact month/day unknown===
| |
| − | * [[M. Louise Gross]], American politician and lobbyist (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Deaths==
| |
| − | * [[January 6]] - [[Gregor Mendel]], Austrian geneticist (b. [[1822]])
| |
| − | * [[January 25]] - [[Johann Gottfried Piefke]], German conductor and composer (b. [[1815]])
| |
| − | * [[March 1]] - [[Isaac Todhunter]], English mathematician (b. [[1820]])
| |
| − | * [[March 21]] - [[Ezra Abbot]], American Bible scholar (b. [[1819]])
| |
| − | * [[April 4]] - [[Marie Bashkirtseff]], Russian artist (b. [[1858]])
| |
| − | * [[May 12]] - [[Bedrich Smetana]], Czech composer (b. [[1824]])
| |
| − | * [[May 13]] - [[Cyrus McCormick]], American inventor (b. [[1809]])
| |
| − | * [[June 25]] - [[Hans Rott]], Austrian composer (b. [[1858]])
| |
| − | * [[July 1]] - [[Allan Pinkerton]], American detective (b. [[1819]])
| |
| − | * [[July 10]] - [[Paul Morphy]], American chess player (b. [[1837]])
| |
| − | * [[November 25]] - [[Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe]], German chemist (b. [[1818]])
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[Category:1884]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[af:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ar:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ast:1884]]
| |
| − | [[az:1884]]
| |
| − | [[bg:1884]]
| |
| − | [[be:1884]]
| |
| − | [[bs:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ca:1884]]
| |
| − | [[cv:1884]]
| |
| − | [[cs:1884]]
| |
| − | [[cy:1884]]
| |
| − | [[da:1884]]
| |
| − | [[de:1884]]
| |
| − | [[et:1884]]
| |
| − | [[el:1884]]
| |
| − | [[es:1884]]
| |
| − | [[eo:1884]]
| |
| − | [[eu:1884]]
| |
| − | [[fr:1884]]
| |
| − | [[fy:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ga:1884]]
| |
| − | [[gl:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ko:1884년]]
| |
| − | [[hr:1884]]
| |
| − | [[io:1884]]
| |
| − | [[id:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ia:1884]]
| |
| − | [[is:1884]]
| |
| − | [[it:1884]]
| |
| − | [[he:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ka:1884]]
| |
| − | [[csb:1884]]
| |
| − | [[la:1884]]
| |
| − | [[lt:1884]]
| |
| − | [[lb:1884]]
| |
| − | [[hu:1884]]
| |
| − | [[mk:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ms:1884]]
| |
| − | [[nap:1884]]
| |
| − | [[nl:1884]]
| |
| − | [[nds:1884]]
| |
| − | [[no:1884]]
| |
| − | [[nn:1884]]
| |
| − | [[os:1884]]
| |
| − | [[pl:1884]]
| |
| − | [[pt:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ro:1884]]
| |
| − | [[ru:1884]]
| |
| − | [[sq:1884]]
| |
| − | [[scn:1884]]
| |
| − | [[simple:1884]]
| |
| − | [[sk:1884]]
| |
| − | [[sl:1884]]
| |
| − | [[sr:1884]]
| |
| − | [[fi:1884]]
| |
| − | [[sv:1884]]
| |
| − | [[tt:1884]]
| |
| − | [[th:พ.ศ. 2427]]
| |
| − | [[tr:1884]]
| |
| − | [[uk:1884]]
| |
| − | [[wa:1884]]
| |
| − | [[zh:1884年]]
| |
Dewan Tanjore Madhav Rao requests Sri Ravi Verma to make oleographs.
But these are made by Ravi Varma only a decade later.
A dream of Raja Ravi Varma from Sauda
Ravi Varma was sleeping. The enchanting Sugandha, in the garb of Urvashi, was lying beside him on the bedstead, as if perched in the air. The window revealed the full moon light, with a fleet of sheep in its spread, like the Gandharvas from the heavens itself had loosened them. In a state of nakedness, Ravi got up as the lightening smashed into the sky. In that flash of light Sugandha saw Ravi and quivering, flew from the patio, vanishing into the sky. Ravi, as Puru, kept staring at her, floating further away from him in the firmament. He woke up from the dream, but the aura of it still lingered. He moved to the easel, but the brush would not trace that image.
Urvashi leaves Pururavas.
She had once sought him out, propelled by her attraction to the man.
The celestial nymph had become obsessed with a mortal, (so what if he was a king). She became his charioteer for days, dressed as a male, and finally revealed herself as the startlingly beautiful woman that she was. How could he resist her?
They were to live together, the creature of earth with the creature of the sky, on one condition, that she was to never see him completely nude.
They lived within the night therefore, hidden from her eyes.
Purvuras had gone into the bedroom, looking to conquer, and feel even more vainglorious as a man who had seduced a celestial being, but he was soon singed, just like she was.
They lived immersed in each other Till one day, the Gandharvas, the lovers that Urvashi had deserted, plotted and stole her beloved goat kid. Urvashi woke with a start and immediately woke Purvuras and asked him to leave and bring it back for her.
Like Draupadi would ask Bhim for the Himalayan flower or Sita asked Rama for the golden deer. With even more urgency, almost like she was blaming him. Purvuras, startled from sleep by the sharpness of her tongue, unable to think as he heard her exhortation-accusation, just strode to the door and into the light that streamed in.. and so he lost his Urvashi
A popular song of J.J. School of Arts:
Jamsetjeemn Jabajeboy/
Jabberi dobi Porie/
Ikey Pickey Sikey Criky/
Chillungow llabdori
Ramkrishna Paramhansa visits and is entranced by Chaitanya Leela performed in Star Theatre, Calcutta. He goes into a reverie.
The play itself is probably a result of the growing popularity of the Chaitanya Bhakti kirtans, resurrected by the Brahmo Samaj.
Fountain pen- Waterman
Roll Film- Eastman
Skyscrapers.
Cocaine.
Edison's peep shows.
a large number of works on Indian folk stories published.
Indian Fairy Tales (1880)
Legends of the Punjab (Vol. 1, 1883-84)
Damant's translation of Bengali legends in the Indian Antiquary (1872-8)
Folk Tales of Bengal ( 1883)
Wide Awake Stories (1884)
