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| − | Madhavrao Patwardhan procures an old magic lantern to realise his dreams. Eastman introduces a thin, flexible, transparetn, cellluloid roll film for the Kodak camera. | + | Madhavrao Patwardhan procures an old magic lantern to realise his dreams. Eastman introduces a thin, flexible, transparent, cellluloid roll film for the Kodak camera. |
| | + | ----- |
| | + | The credit for being the first Indian to fly goes to Ramchandra Chatterjee of Calcutta. He was the owner of the Great Indian Circus and a fine acrobat in his own right. on the 4th of May, 1889, in his balloon, 'The City of Calcutta' he scaled a height of 4,000 feet and won the hearts of the people of Calcutta. |
| | | | |
| | + | At ten minutes past five in the evening, amid the chanting of the purohits, animal sacrifice, a large band and a tumultous gathering,, "The City of Calcutta" took off from the Oriental Gasworks Field. |
| | + | Charged by the euphoria of the watching crowd, Ramchandra let go of the controls of the balloon and began doing acrobatics from within the balloon basket. |
| | + | |
| | + | This was not Ramchandra's first flight. The same year, on the 10th of April, he went for an hour into the skies along with an Englishman, Percival.(check this line) |
| | + | With just a rudimentary knowledge of balloons got from this experience, and having secured a hydrogen balloon, Ramchandra announced that he would fly on the 27th of April. Advertisements to this effect appeared in Calcutta newspapers. But because of a thunderstorm and heavy showers on that day, the flight had to be postponed. |
| | + | -------- |
| | + | |
| | + | Maadanrao Madhavrao Chitale paints the life of srikrishna on glass slides and shows them to an audience using a magic lantern. |
| | + | Inspired by this Mahadeo Gopalrao Patwardhan of Kalyan thinks this can be done more commercially. He procures a magic lantern. His son Vinayak studies at the J J School of Art, he became adept at painting images on glass. |
| | + | ------------- |
| | + | Letter to TOI |
| | + | |
| | + | Why do brain workers die early? |
| | + | the horseshoe superstition. |
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| | [[Image:2 December 1889.pdf]] | | [[Image:2 December 1889.pdf]] |
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| − | | + | ------------- |
| − | :''This page is about the year 1889. For the board game, see ''[[1889 (board game)|1889]]''.''
| + | William Jones translates Shakuntala into English. A [[dream of cinema]] |
| − | {{yearbox|
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| − | | c=19th century
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| − | | yp1=1886
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| − | | yp2=1887
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| − | | yp3=1888
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| − | | year=1889
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| − | | ya1=1890
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| − | | ya2=1891
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| − | | dn2=1900s
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| − | | dn3=1910s
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| − | }}
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| − | {{C19YearInTopic}}
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| − | {{Year in other calendars|japanese=[[Meiji]] 22}}
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| − | | |
| − | '''1889''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCLXXXIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] (see link for calendar).
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| − | | |
| − | Every human recorded to have been born in this year has since passed on except for the current (as of April 15 2006) oldest woman in the world, [[Maria Capovilla]], born on September 14, 1889.
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| − | | |
| − | ==Events==
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| − | ===January-April===
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| − | [[Image:Tour eiffel at sunrise from the trocadero.jpg|thumb|200px|The Eiffel Tower in [[Paris]].]]
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| − | * [[January 8]] - [[Herman Hollerith]] receives a patent for his electric [[tabulating machine]]
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| − | * [[January 22]] - [[Columbia Phonograph]] is formed in [[Washington, DC]].
| |
| − | * [[January 30]] - [[Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria]] and his mistress [[Baroness Mary Vetsera]] commit a double suicide (or a murder suicide) in Mayerling hunting lodge
| |
| − | * [[February 11]] - [[Meiji Constitution]] of [[Japan]] adopted; 1st [[Diet (assembly)|Diet]] convenes in [[1890]]
| |
| − | * [[February 22]] - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Grover Cleveland]] signs a bill admitting [[North Dakota]], [[South Dakota]], [[Montana]] and [[Washington]] as [[U.S. state]]s.
| |
| − | *[[March 4]] - [[Grover Cleveland]], 24th [[President of the United States|President]] of the [[United States]] ([[1885]] - 1889) is succeeded by [[Benjamin Harrison]] (1889-[[1893]]).
| |
| − | * [[March 9]] - [[Yohannes IV]] is killed in the [[Battle of Metemma]]; [[Sudan]]ese forces, who had been almost defeated, rally and destroy the [[Ethiopia]]n army.
| |
| − | * [[March 31]] - The [[Eiffel Tower]] is inaugurated (opens [[May 6]]). Contemporary critics regard it aesthetically displeasing
| |
| − | * [[April 20]] - [[Adolf Hitler]] is born.
| |
| − | * [[April 22]] - At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the [[Land Run of 1889]]. Within hours the cities of [[Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|Oklahoma City]] and [[Guthrie, Oklahoma|Guthrie]] are formed with populations of at least 10,000.
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| − | | |
| − | ===May-October===
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| − | *[[May 2]] - [[Menelik II]], Emperor of [[Ethiopia]], signs a treaty of amity with [[Italy]], giving Italy control over what will become [[Eritrea]].
| |
| − | * [[May 15]] - In [[Samoa]], three US and three German ships sink in a [[typhoon]] because the captains refuse to leave before the others - almost 200 drown. British steamer ''Calliope'' saves itself by pushing into the wind with full speed
| |
| − | * [[May 31]] - [[South Fork Dam]] collapses in western [[Pennsylvania]], killing more than 2,200 people in and around [[Johnstown, Pennsylvania]]; the [[Johnstown Flood]].
| |
| − | * [[June 3]] - The first long distance [[electric power transmission]] line in the United States is completed, running 14 miles between a generator at [[Willamette River|Willamette Falls]] and downtown [[Portland, Oregon]].
| |
| − | *[[June 6]] - The [[Great Seattle Fire]] ravages through the [[Downtown, Seattle, Washington|downtown area]] without any fatalities.
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| − | * [[June 12]] - 88 are killed in the [[Armagh rail disaster]] near [[Armagh]] in [[Northern Ireland]].
| |
| − | * [[July 8]] - The first issue of the [[Wall Street Journal]] is published on July 8th.
| |
| − | * [[August 14]] - The Great [[London Dock Strike of 1889|London Dock Strike]] breaks out in England.
| |
| − | *[[September 10]] - Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi becomes Reigning Prince [[Albert I, Prince of Monaco|Albert I]] of [[Monaco]]
| |
| − | * [[October 2]] - In [[Washington, DC]], the first international [[Conference of American States]] begins.
| |
| − | * [[October 3]] - Sister Carries goes to Chicago
| |
| − | * [[October 24]] - Sir [[Henry Parkes]], Premier of [[New South Wales]], delivers the [[Tenterfield Oration]] calling for the [[Federation of Australia]].
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| − | | |
| − | ===November===
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| − | * [[November 2]] - [[North Dakota]] and [[South Dakota]] are admitted as the 39th and 40th [[U.S. state]]s.
| |
| − | * [[November 6]] - ''[[Nintendo]]'' Koppai (Later ''[[Nintendo]]'' Company, Limited) founded by [[Fusajiro Yamauchi]] to produce and market the playing card game [[Hanafuda]].
| |
| − | * [[November 8]] - [[Montana]] is admitted as the 41st [[U.S. state]].
| |
| − | * [[November 11]] - [[Washington]] is admitted as the 42nd [[U.S. state]].
| |
| − | * [[November 14]] - Inspired by [[Jules Verne]] pioneer woman Journalist [[Nellie Bly]] (Elizabeth Cochrane) begins an attempt to beat travel around the world in less than 80 days (Bly finished the journey in 72 days, 6 hours and 11 minutes).
| |
| − | * [[November 15]] - [[Brazil]] is declared a republic by [[Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca]] and Emperor [[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro II]] is deposed in a military [[coup]] (he was the second and last emperor of Brazil).
| |
| − | ===Unknown dates===
| |
| − | * [[Riverside Elementary School]] is opened in [[Wichita, Kansas]]
| |
| − | * [[Adelaide Medical Students' Society]] is founded in [[Adelaide, Australia]]
| |
| − | * [[Wisden Cricketer's Almanac]] publishes its first ''[[Wisden Cricketers of the Year]]'' (actually titled ''Six Great Bowlers Of The Year''). The cricketers chosen are [[George Lohmann]], [[Bobby Peel]], [[Johnny Briggs (cricketer)|Johnny Briggs]], [[Charles Turner (cricketer)|Charles Turner]], [[John Ferris]] and [[Sammy Woods]].
| |
| − | * [[Frederick Abel]] invents cordite
| |
| − | * [[Diet of Japan]] founded
| |
| − | * French defense minister [[Georges Boulanger]] attempts a coup but is forced to flee the country
| |
| − | * First free elections in [[Costa Rica]]
| |
| − | * [[Glele]], king of [[Dahomey]], commits suicide
| |
| − | * [[Yellow fever]] interrupts the building of [[Panama Canal]]
| |
| − | * Huge locust [[swarm]] crosses the [[Red Sea]] and destroys crops in the [[Nile|Nile Valley]]
| |
| − | * [[Ghost Dance]] movement
| |
| − | * [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]] claimed to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi.
| |
| − | * ''[[Fabian Essays in Socialism]]'', edited by [[George Bernard Shaw]], is published.
| |
| − | * [[Capilano Suspension Bridge]] was founded. This is the longest suspension bridge in the world, and the park is now a favourite attraction to tourists from all over the world. It is located in North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| |
| − | *[[North Carolina]] Legislature issues a charter for the creation of [[Elon College]].
| |
| − | *In March of 1889, a [[Germany|German]] naval force shelled a village in [[Samoa]], and by doing so destroyed some [[United States|American]] property. Three American warships then entered the [[Samoan]] harbor and were prepared to fire on the three German warships found there. Before guns were fired, a hurricane blew up and sank all the ships, American and German. A compulsory [[armistice]] was called because of the lack of warships.
| |
| − | *[[Sylvie and Bruno]] published.
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| − | | |
| − | ==Births==
| |
| − | ===January-April===
| |
| − | * [[January 21]] - [[Edith Bratt]], wife of [[John Ronald Reuel Tolkien]] (d. [[1971]])
| |
| − | * [[January 31]] - [[Frank Foster]], English cricketer (d. [[1958]])
| |
| − | * [[February 3]] - [[Risto Ryti]], [[Prime Minister of Finland|Prime Minister]] and [[President of Finland]] (d. [[1956]])
| |
| − | * [[February 5]] - [[Ernest Tyldesley]], English cricketer (d. [[1962]])
| |
| − | * [[February 7]] - [[Harry Nyquist]], important contributor to [[information theory]] (d. [[1976]])
| |
| − | * [[February 19]] - [[Ernest Marsden]], British physicist (d. [[1970]])
| |
| − | * [[February 22]] - [[Olave Baden-Powell|Lady Olave Baden-Powell]], English founder of the Girl Guides (d. [[1977]])
| |
| − | * [[February 24]] - [[Suzanne Bianchetti]], French actress (d. [[1936]])
| |
| − | * [[March 1]] - [[Kanoko Okamoto]], Japanese novelist, poet, and Buddhism scholar (d. [[1939]])
| |
| − | * [[March 1]] - [[Watsuji Tetsuro]], Japanese philosopher (d. [[1960]])
| |
| − | * [[March 4]] - [[Pearl White]], American silent film actress (d. [[1938]])
| |
| − | * [[March 16]] - [[Reggie Walker]], South African athlete (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | * [[March 21]] - [[Aleksandr Vertinsky]], Russian singer and actor (d. [[1957]])
| |
| − | * [[March 24]] - [[Albert Hill]], British athlete (d. [[1969]])
| |
| − | * [[March 29]] - [[Warner Baxter]], American actor (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | [[Image:Baby-hitler.jpg|160px|thumb|Adolf Hitler, the young [[Führer]].]]
| |
| − | * [[April 7]] - [[Gabriela Mistral]], Chilean writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1957]])
| |
| − | * [[April 8]] - Sir [[Adrian Boult]], English conductor (d. [[1983]])
| |
| − | * [[April 11]] - [[Nick LaRocca]], American musician (d. [[1961]])
| |
| − | * [[April 15]] - [[Thomas Hart Benton (painter)|Thomas Hart Benton]], American painter (d. [[1975]])
| |
| − | * [[April 16]] - [[Charlie Chaplin]], English actor and film director (d. [[1977]])
| |
| − | * [[April 20]] - [[Adolf Hitler]], Austrian dictator of Nazi Germany (d. [[1945]])
| |
| − | * [[April 21]] - [[Paul Karrer]], Swiss chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1971]])
| |
| − | * [[April 23]] - [[Karel Doorman]], Dutch admiral (d. [[1942]])
| |
| − | * [[April 26]] - [[Ludwig Wittgenstein]], Austrian-born philosopher (d. [[1951]])
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===May-December===
| |
| − | * [[May 12]] - [[Otto Frank]], German writer, father of [[Anne Frank]] (d. [[1980]])
| |
| − | * [[May 18]] - [[Thomas Midgley]], American chemist and inventor (d. [[1944]])
| |
| − | * [[May 25]] - [[Igor Sikorsky]], Russian developer of the helicopter (d. [[1972]])
| |
| − | * [[June 21]] - [[Ralph Craig]], American athlete (d. [[1972]])
| |
| − | * [[June 23]] - [[Anna Akhmatova]], Russian poet (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[July 5]] - [[Jean Cocteau]], French writer (d. [[1963]])
| |
| − | * [[July 17]] - [[Erle Stanley Gardner]], American author (d. [[1970]])
| |
| − | * [[August 5]] - [[Conrad Aiken]], American writer (d. [[1973]])
| |
| − | * [[August 21]] - [[Sir Richard O'Connor]], English General in WWII (d. [[1981]])
| |
| − | * [[September 7]] - [[Albert Plesman]], Dutch aviation pioneer (d. [[1953]])
| |
| − | * [[September 8]] - [[Robert Taft]], U.S. Senator from Ohio (d. [[1953]])
| |
| − | * [[September 11]] - [[Suzanne Duchamp]], French painter (d. [[1963]])
| |
| − | * [[September 14]] - [[Maria Esther Capovilla]], current [[Supercentenarian|oldest living person]] (since [[May 29]] [[2004]])
| |
| − | * [[September 18]] - [[Doris Blackburn]], Australian politician (d. [[1970]])
| |
| − | * [[September 20]] - [[Charles Reidpath]], American athlete (d. [[1975]])
| |
| − | * [[September 26]] - [[Martin Heidegger]], German philosopher (d. [[1976]])
| |
| − | *[[October 3]] - [[Carl von Ossietzky]], German pacifist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1938]])
| |
| − | * [[October 8]] - [[C. E. Woolman]], American airline executive (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[October 13]] - [[Douglass Dumbrille]], Canadian-born actor (d. [[1974]])
| |
| − | *[[November 1]] - [[Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker]], Canadian-born peace activist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1982]])
| |
| − | * [[November 14]] - [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], [[Prime Minister of India]] (d. [[1948]])
| |
| − | * [[November 19]] - [[Vasily Blyukher]], Soviet military commander (d. [[1938]])
| |
| − | * [[November 20]] - [[Edwin Hubble]], American astronomer (d. [[1953]])
| |
| − | *[[November 30]] - [[Edgar Douglas Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian]], English physiologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1977]])
| |
| − | * [[December 9]] - [[Hannes Kolehmainen]], Finnish runner (d. [[1966]])
| |
| − | * [[December 11]] - [[Walter Knott]], farmer and creator of [[Knott's Berry Farm]] (d. [[1981]]).
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===Unknown dates===
| |
| − | * [[James Alexander Allan]], Australian poet (d. [[1956]])
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Deaths==
| |
| − | * [[January 30]] - [[Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria]] (suicide) (b. [[1858]])
| |
| − | * January 30 - [[Baroness Mary Vetsera]] (suicide) (b. [[1871]])
| |
| − | * [[February 3]] - [[Belle Starr]], American outlaw (b. [[1848]])
| |
| − | * [[March 8]] - [[John Ericsson]], Swedish inventor and engineer (b. [[1803]])
| |
| − | * [[March 9]] - Emperor [[Yohannes IV of Ethiopia]]
| |
| − | * [[April 23]] - [[Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly]], French writer (b. [[1808]])
| |
| − | * [[May 9]] - [[William S. Harney]], U.S. Army general (b. [[1800]])
| |
| − | * [[May 14]] - [[Volney E. Howard]], American politician (b. [[1809]])
| |
| − | * [[May 12]] - [[Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin]], Russian satirist (b. [[1826]])
| |
| − | * [[June 8]] - [[Gerard Manley Hopkins]], English poet (b. [[1844]])
| |
| − | * [[June 15]] - [[Mihai Eminescu]], Romanian poet (b. [[1850]])
| |
| − | * [[July 10]] - [[Julia Gardiner Tyler]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (b. [[1820]])
| |
| − | * [[August 19]] - [[Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam]], French writer (b. [[1838]])
| |
| − | * [[September 16]] - [[Bob Younger]], American outlaw and youngest of the Younger outlaws
| |
| − | * [[September 23]] - [[Wilkie Collins]], British novelist (b. [[1824]])
| |
| − | * [[October 11]] - [[James Prescott Joule]], English physicist (b. [[1818]])
| |
| − | * [[October 19]] - King [[Luis I of Portugal]] (b. [[1838]])
| |
| − | * [[October 25]] - [[Émile Augier]], French dramatist (b. [[1820]])
| |
| − | * [[November 18]] - [[William Allingham]], Irish author (b. [[1824]] or [[1828]])
| |
| − | * [[December 6]] - [[Jefferson Davis]], [[President of the Confederate States of America]] (b. [[1808]])
| |
| − | * [[December 12]] - [[Robert Browning]], English poet (b. [[1812]])
| |
| − | * [[December 31]] - [[Ion Creangă]], Romanian writer (b. [[1837]] or [[1839]])
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| − | | |
| − | ==Heads of State==
| |
| − | * [[China]] - [[Guangxu Emperor of China|Guāngxù]] [[Emperor of China]], [[Qing Dynasty]] ([[1875]]-[[1908]])
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| − | * [[Denmark]] - [[Christian IX of Denmark|Christian IX]], [[King of Denmark]] ([[1863]]-[[1906]])
| |
| − | * [[France]] - [[Marie François Sadi Carnot]], [[President of France]] ([[1887]]-[[1894]])
| |
| − | * [[Germany]] - [[Wilhelm II of Germany|Wilhelm II]], [[Kaiser|German Kaiser]] ([[1888]]-[[1918]])
| |
| − | * [[Holy See]] - [[Pope Leo XIII]], [[Pope|Bishop of Rome]] ([[1878]]-[[1903]])
| |
| − | * [[Japan]] - [[Meiji Emperor|Mutsuhito]], [[Meiji period|Meiji]] [[Emperor of Japan|emperor]] ([[1867]]-[[1912]])
| |
| − | * [[Norway]] - [[Oscar II of Sweden|Oscar II]], [[King of Sweden]] and [[King of Norway|Norway]] ([[1872]]-[[1905]])
| |
| − | * [[Ottoman Empire]] - [[Abdul Hamid II]], [[Sultan of the Ottoman Empire]] ([[1876]]-[[1909]])
| |
| − | * [[Russia]] - [[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]], [[Tsar of Russia]] ([[1881]]-1894)
| |
| − | * [[Spain]] - [[Alfonso XIII of Spain]], [[King of Spain]] ([[1886]]-[[1931]])
| |
| − | * [[United States]] -
| |
| − | *# [[Grover Cleveland]], [[President of the United States]] ([[1885]]-1889)
| |
| − | *# [[Benjamin Harrison]], President of the United States (1889-[[1893]])
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