1913 - Revision history

HansaThapliyal at 15:10, 8 October 2014

2014-10-08T15:10:53Z

HansaThapliyal at 07:31, 25 August 2013

2013-08-25T07:31:09Z

HansaThapliyal at 19:38, 14 December 2009

2009-12-14T19:38:59Z

HansaThapliyal at 19:36, 14 December 2009

2009-12-14T19:36:43Z

HansaThapliyal at 19:31, 12 December 2009

2009-12-12T19:31:39Z

HansaThapliyal at 19:28, 12 December 2009

2009-12-12T19:28:16Z

Show changes

HansaThapliyal at 21:27, 30 July 2006

2006-07-30T21:27:23Z

KamalSaroop at 18:22, 16 July 2006

2006-07-16T18:22:08Z

SaikatMallick at 18:05, 26 April 2006

2006-04-26T18:05:40Z

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==Events==
{{Year E}}
===January===
* [[January 30]] - [[House of Lords]] rejects [[Irish Home Rule Bill]]
===February===
* [[February 1]] - [[New York City]]'s [[Grand Central Terminal]] opens as the world's largest [[train station]].
* [[February 3]] - The [[16th Amendment to the United States Constitution]] is ratified authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect [[income tax]].
* [[February 3]] - Trial of the remnants of the [[Bonnot gang]] begins.
* [[February 17]] - The [[Armory Show]] opens in [[New York City]]. It displays works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early [[20th century]]
* [[February 27]] - Freezing weather stops everything in [[Balkans]]
===March===
* March - Outpouring of [[monarchy|monarchist]] sentiment in [[Russia]] when the House of [[Romanov]] celebrate the 300th anniversary of their succession to the throne
*[[March 4]] - End of term for [[President of the United States]] [[William Howard Taft]]. He is succeeded by [[Thomas Woodrow Wilson]].
* [[March 12]] - [[Canberra]] becomes the federal capital of [[Australia]]
* [[March 13]] - [[Mexican Revolution]] - [[Pancho Villa]] returns to [[Mexico]] from his self-imposed exile in USA
* [[March 18]] - [[George I of Greece]] is assassinated.
* [[March 20]] - [[Sung Chiao-jen]], a founder of the Chinese nationalist party ([[Kuomintang|KMT]]) is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days after.
* [[March 25]] - [[Venustiano Carranza]] announces his [[Plan of Guadaloupe]] and begins his rebellion against [[Victoriano Huerta]]'s government as the head of "[[Constitutionals]]"
* [[March 26]] - [[Balkan War]]: [[Bulgaria]]n forces take [[Adrianople]].
===April===
* [[April 8]] - Passing of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]], dictating the direct election of senators.
* [[April 24]] - [[Woolworth Building]] opening ceremony.
===May===
* [[May 13]] - [[Igor Sikorsky]] becomes the first person to pilot a four engine [[aircraft]].
* [[May 14]] - [[New York]] Governor [[William Sulzer]] approves the charter for the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] which begins operations with a $100,000,000 donation from [[John D. Rockefeller]].
* [[May 29]] - [[Igor Stravinsky]]'s [[ballet]] score ''[[The Rite of Spring]]'' is premiered in Paris.
* [[May 30]] - [[First Balkan War]]: A peace treaty is signed in [[London]] ending the war.
===June===
* June - First edition of the Christian Esoteric magazine [[Rays from the Rose Cross]] in the [[United States]]; still issued bimonthly till today.
* [[June 4]] - [[Emily Davison]], a [[suffragette]], runs out in front of the king's horse, Anmer, at the [[Epsom Derby]]. She is trampled and dies a few days later, never having regained consciousness.
* [[June 13]] - [[Great Gorge and International Railway]] [[trolley]] and passengers are buried under the contents of an overhead garbage chute that broke in [[Niagara Falls, New York]].
* [[June 15]] - [[Bud Bagsak Massacre]]: US troops under General John 'Black Jack' Pershing kill at least 2,000 relatively defenceless men, women and children, Bud Bagsak, Philippines.
* [[June 24]] - [[Joseph Cook]] becomes the 6th [[Prime Minister of Australia]].
===July===
* [[July 3]] - Commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the [[Battle of Gettysburg]] draws thousands of [[United States Civil War]] veterans and their families to [[Gettysburg, Pennsylvania]]
* [[July 10]] - [[Death Valley]], [[California]] hits 134 &deg;F (~56.7 &deg;C) which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States ([[as of 2004]]).
===August===
* [[August 4]] - In [[China]], province of [[Chungking]] declares [[independence]]. [[Chinese republic]]an forces crush the rebellion in a couple of weeks
* [[August 13]] - Invention of [[stainless steel]] by [[Harry Brearley]] in [[Sheffield]].
* [[August 15]] - Start of [[Dublin Lockout]], all [[trade union]] members dismissed
* [[August 20]] - 700 feet above [[Buc]], [[France]], parachutist [[Adolphe Pegond]] becomes the first person to jump from an airplane and land safely.
===September===
* [[September 23]] - French aviator [[Roland Garros]] flies over the [[Mediterranean]]
* [[September 29]] - [[Rudolf Diesel]] disappears en route to Britain
* September 29 - [[Pancho Villa]] is elected commander of the "Northern Division" of the Constitutionals
===October===
* [[October 1]] - Villa's troops take [[Torreon]] after a three-day battle when government troops retreat
* [[October 10]] - US President [[Woodrow Wilson]] triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the [[Panama Canal]].
* [[October 19]] - Founding of the [[DLRG]] (German Life Saving Society)
===November===
* [[November 5]] - The insane king [[Otto of Bavaria]] is deposed by his cousin, Prince Regent Ludwig, who assumed the title [[Ludwig III of Bavaria|Ludwig III]].
* [[November 6]] - [[Mohandas Gandhi]] is arrested while leading a march of [[India]]n miners in [[South Africa]].
* [[November 7]]- [[November 12]] - The [[Great Lakes Storm of 1913]] kills over 250.
===December===
* [[December 1]] - [[Ford Motor Company]] introduces the first moving [[assembly line]], reducing [[chassis]] assembly time from 12½ hours in October to 2 hours, 40 minutes (although Ford was not the first to use an assembly line, his successful adoption of one did spark an era of [[mass production]]).
* December 1 - [[Greece]] annexes [[Crete]]
* [[December 12]] - [[Emperor of Ethiopia]] [[Menelik II]] dies and is succeeded by his grandson [[Iyasu V of Ethiopia]].
* December 12 - [[Vincencio Peruggia]] tries to sell ''[[Mona Lisa]]'' in the Florence and is arrested
* [[December 23]] - The [[Federal Reserve]] is created by [[Woodrow Wilson]]
* [[December 30]] - Italy returns ''[[Mona Lisa]]'' to France

===Unknown Dates===
* Female suffrage in [[Norway]]
* British steamship ''Calvadas'' disappears in the [[Marmora Sea]] with 200 hands
* First [[crossword puzzle]] appears in the ''World'' newspaper
* [[Black Chamber]], forerunner of [[National Security Agency|NSA]], founded
* [[de Sitter]]: [[speed of light]] is independent of speed of source
* [[Sagnac]]: [[speed of light]] depends on speed of rotating platform
* Painting [[September Morn|''September Morn'']] creates a national sensation in U.S.
* [[Camel Cigarettes]] were introduced
* Ela Hockaday founds [[The Hockaday School]]
* First publication of [[Journal of Ecology]]
* [[National Temperance Council]] founded to promote [[temperance movement]]
* [[United States Soccer Federation]] forms

==Births==
===January===
*[[January 2]] - [[Anna Lee]], English actress (d. [[2004]])
*[[January 6]] - [[Edward Gierek]] Polish politician, (d. [[2001]])
* January 6 - [[Loretta Young]], American actress (d. [[2000]])
*[[January 9]] - [[Richard M. Nixon]], [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1994]])
*[[January 10]] - [[Gustáv Husák]], Slovak politician (d. [[1991]])
*[[January 15]] - [[Lloyd Bridges]], American actor (d. [[1998]])
*[[January 18]] - [[Danny Kaye]], American actor (d. [[1987]])
*[[January 22]] - [[William Cardinal Conway]], Northern Irish clergyman (d. [[1977]])
* January 22 - [[Carl F. H. Henry]], American theologian and publisher (d. [[2003]])
*[[January 24]] - [[Norman Dello Joio]], American composer
*[[January 25]] - [[Witold Lutosławski]], Polish composer (d. [[1994]])
*[[January 29]] - [[Peter von Zahn]], German journalist and writer (d. [[2001]])
===February===
*[[February 2]] - [[Poul Reichhardt]], Danish actor (d. [[1985]])
*[[February 4]] - [[Rosa Parks]], American civil rights activist (d. [[2005]])
*[[February 6]] - [[Mary Leakey]], British anthropologist (d. [[1996]])
*[[February 13]] - [[George Barker (poet)|George Barker]], British poet (d. [[1991]])
*[[February 14]] - [[Mel Allen]], American sports reporter (d. [[1996]])
* February 14 - [[Jimmy Hoffa]], American labor leader (disappeared) (d. [[1975]])
*[[February 25]] - [[Jim Backus]], American actor (d. [[1989]])
* February 25 - [[Gert Fröbe]], German actor (d. [[1988]])
*[[February 27]] - [[Paul Ricoeur]], French philosopher (d. [[2005]])
* February 27 - [[Irwin Shaw]], American writer (d. [[1984]])
===March===
*[[March 1]] - [[R.S.R. Fitter|Richard S.R. Fitter]], British writer (d. [[2005]])
*[[March 4]] - [[John Garfield]], American actor (d. [[1952]])
*[[March 13]] - [[William Casey]], American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. [[1987]])
* March 13 - [[Sergey Mikhalkov]], Russian writer and lyricist
*[[March 18]] - [[René Clément]], French film director (d. [[1996]])
*[[March 21]] - [[George Abecassis]], English race car driver (d. [[1991]])
*[[March 26]] - [[Paul Erdős]], Hungarian mathematician (d. [[1996]])
*[[March 29]] - [[R. S. Thomas]], Welsh poet (d. [[2000]])
*[[March 30]] - [[Richard Helms]], American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. [[2002]])
* March 30 - [[Frankie Laine]], American singer

===April===
*[[April 3]] - [[Per Borten]], Premier of Norway (d. [[2005]])
*[[April 11]] - [[Oleg Cassini]], American fashion disigner (d. [[2006]])
*[[April 27]] - [[Philip Hauge Abelson]], American physicist, writer, and editor (d. [[2004]])
===May===
*[[May 1]] - [[Louis Nye]], American comedian and actor (d. [[2005]])
* May 1 - [[Walter Susskind]], Czech conductor (d. [[1980]])
*[[May 5]] - [[Tyrone Power]], American Actor (d. [[1958]])
*[[May 8]] - [[Saima Harmaja]], Finnish poet (d. [[1937]])
*[[May 11]] - [[Robert Jungk]], Austrian journalist (d. [[1994]])
*[[May 13]] - [[William R. Tolbert, Jr.]], Liberian president (d. [[1980]])
*[[May 16]] - [[Woody Herman]], American musician and band leader (d. [[1987]])
*[[May 20]] - [[William Hewlett]], American businessman (d. [[2001]])
*[[May 26]] - [[Peter Cushing]], English actor (d. [[1994]])
*[[May 29]] - [[Tony Zale]], American boxer (d. [[1997]])
===June===
*[[June 10]] - [[Tikhon Khrennikov]], Russian composer
*[[June 11]] - [[Vince Lombardi]], American football coach (d. [[1970]])
*[[June 18]] - [[Robert Mondavi]], American wine maker
*[[June 25]] - [[Cyril Fletcher]], British comedian (d. [[2005]])
*[[June 28]] - [[Franz Antel]], Austrian filmmaker

===July===
*[[July 12]] - [[Willis Lamb]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate
*[[July 14]] - [[Gerald Ford]], 38th [[President of the United States]]
*[[July 18]] - [[Red Skelton]], American comedian (d. [[1997]])
*[[July 22]] - [[Gorni Kramer]], Italian bandleader and songwriter (d. [[1995]])
===August===
*[[August 8]] - [[John Facenda]], American broadcaster and sports announcer (d. [[1984]])
*[[August 10]] - [[Wolfgang Pauli]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1993]])
*[[August 13]] - [[Makarios III]], [[List of Archbishops of Cyprus|Cypriot Archbishop]] and first [[President of Cyprus]] (d.[[1977]])
*[[August 16]] - [[Menachem Begin]], [[Prime Minister of Israel]], recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1992]])
*[[August 17]] - [[Rudy York]], baseball player (d. [[1970]])
* August 17 - [[W. Mark Felt]] [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] Assoc. Dir. and "[[Deep Throat (Watergate)|Deep Throat]]" informant
*[[August 19]] - [[Richard Simmons (actor)|Richard Simmons]], American actor (d. [[2003]])
*[[August 20]] - [[Roger Wolcott Sperry]], American neurobiologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1994]])
*[[August 27]] - [[Nina Schenk von Stauffenberg]], German wife of freedom fighter [[Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg]] (d. [[2006]])
*[[August 28]] - [[Robertson Davies]], Canadian novelist (d. [[1995]])
* August 28 - [[Richard Tucker]], American tenor (d. [[1975]])
*[[August 30]] - [[Richard Stone]], British economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1991]])

===September===
*[[September 4]] - [[Stanford Moore]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1982]])
*[[September 5]] - [[Frank Thomas (animator)|Frank Thomas]], American animator (d. [[2004]])
*[[September 12]] - [[Jesse Owens]], American athlete (d. [[1980]])
*[[September 14]] - [[Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán|Jacobo Arbenz]], [[President of Guatemala]] (d. [[1971]])
*[[September 15]] - [[John N. Mitchell]], [[United States Attorney General]] and convicted Watergate criminal (d. [[1988]])
*[[September 19]] - [[Frances Farmer]], American actress (d. [[1970]])
*[[September 29]] - [[Trevor Howard]], English actor (d. [[1988]])
* September 29 - [[Stanley Kramer]], American film producer, director, and writer (d. [[2001]])
* September 29 - [[Silvio Piola]], Italian footballer (d. [[1996]])
*[[September 30]] - [[Bill Walsh (producer)|Bill Walsh]], American movie producer and writer (d. [[1975]])
===October===
*[[October 10]] - [[Claude Simon]], French writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2005]])
*[[October 22]] - [[Robert Capa]], Hungarian-born photojournalist (d. [[1954]])

===November===
*[[November 2]] - [[Burt Lancaster]], American actor (d. [[1994]])
*[[November 5]] - [[Vivien Leigh]], British actress (d. [[1967]])
*[[November 7]] - [[Albert Camus]], French writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1960]])
*[[November 9]] - [[Hedy Lamarr]], Austrian actress (d. [[2000]])
*[[November 10]] - [[Álvaro Cunhal]], Portuguese politician (d. [[2005]])
*[[November 13]] - [[Alexander Scourby]], American actor (d. [[1985]])
*[[November 15]] - [[Arthur Haulot]], Belgian journalist (d. [[2005]])
*[[November 21]] - [[John and Roy Boulting|John Boulting]], English film director (d.[[1985]])
* November 21 - [[John and Roy Boulting|Roy Boulting]], English film director and producer (d. [[2001]])
*[[November 22]] - [[Benjamin Britten]], English composer (d. [[1976]])
===December===
*[[December 6]] - [[Eleanor Holm]], American swimmer (d. [[2004]])
*[[December 8]] - [[Delmore Schwartz]], American [[Poet]] (d. [[1966]])
*[[December 10]] - [[Morton Gould]], American composer (d. [[1996]])
*[[December 13]] - [[Arnold_Brown_%28General_of_The_Salvation_Army%29|Arnold Brown]], the 11th General of [[The Salvation Army]] (d. [[2002]])
*[[December 18]] - [[Alfred Bester (author)|Alfred Bester]], American author (d. [[1987]])
* December 18 - [[Willy Brandt]], [[Chancellor of Germany]], recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1992]])
*[[December 30]] - [[Elyne Mitchell]], Australian author of children's novels (d. [[2002]])

==Deaths==
* [[January 2]] - [[Léon Teisserenc de Bort]], French meteorologist (b. [[1855]])
* [[January 4]] - [[Alfred von Schlieffen]], German field marshal (b. [[1833]])
* [[February 22]] - [[Francisco I. Madero]], [[President of Mexico]] (b. [[1873]])
* [[February 26]] - [[Felix Draeseke]], German composer (b. [[1835]])
* [[March 10]] - [[Harriet Tubman]], American anti-slavery activist (b. [[1820]])
* [[March 22]] - [[Sung Chiao-jen]], Chinese revolutionary (b. [[1882]])
* [[March 31]] - [[J.P.Morgan]], American financier and banker (b. [[1837]])
* [[June 5]] - [[Chris von der Ahe]], German-born brewer and baseball owner
* [[July 3]] - [[Horatio Nelson Young]], American naval hero (b. [[1845]])
*[[July 29]] - [[Tobias Michael Carel Asser]], Dutch jurist, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (b. [[1838]])
* [[October 5]] - [[Hans von Bartels]], German painter (b. [[1856]])
* [[November 7 ]] - [[Alfred Russel Wallace]], Welsh biologist (b. [[1823]])
* [[November 22]] - [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]] 15th and last [[Tokugawa shogunate]] (b. [[1837]])
*[[December 12]] - [[Menelik II]], [[Emperor of Ethiopia]] (b. [[1844]])
===Month/day unknown===
* [[John S. Billings]], M.D., American military and medical leader (b. [[1838]])

==Nobel prizes==
* [[Nobel Prize/Physics|Physics]] - [[Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes]]
* [[Nobel Prize/Chemistry|Chemistry]] - [[Alfred Werner]]
* [[Nobel Prize/Physiology or medicine|Medicine]] - [[Charles Robert Richet]]
* [[Nobel Prize in literature|Literature]] - [[Rabindranath Tagore]]
* [[Nobel Prize/Peace|Peace]] - [[Henri La Fontaine]]

==External links==
*[http://www.coinpage.com/1913-pictures.html 1913 Coin Pictures]

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←Older revision		Revision as of 15:10, 8 October 2014
Line 20:		Line 20:
	----		----
	" he who steals an egg, will carry off an ox" Neelkanth over hears actors talking?		" he who steals an egg, will carry off an ox" Neelkanth over hears actors talking?
		+	-----------
		+	Photodynamism, a manifesto- already a dis satisfaction with the limted apparatus of cinema that seeks to capture movement and reproduce it through an illusion..
		+	http://www.italianfuturism.org/manifestos/futuristphotomanifesto/

←Older revision		Revision as of 07:31, 25 August 2013
Line 19:		Line 19:
	Phalke's Raja Harishchandra opens on the 21st of April to a select audience, on 3 May, it opens commercially in Bombay's [[Coronation Cinematograph]].		Phalke's Raja Harishchandra opens on the 21st of April to a select audience, on 3 May, it opens commercially in Bombay's [[Coronation Cinematograph]].
	----		----
		+	" he who steals an egg, will carry off an ox" Neelkanth over hears actors talking?

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:38, 14 December 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	1 reel short- How films are Prepared? by Phalke	+	1 reel short- How films are Prepared? by Phalke. A study film on the making of Harishchandra. on film making in general

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:36, 14 December 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	1 reel short- How films are Prepared? by Phalke
		+
		+
		+
	The scene of the forest, the fire, the river, the hangman’s house, the hen pecking around - all these are unrivalled.. letter in Kesari after seeing Harishchandra		The scene of the forest, the fire, the river, the hangman’s house, the hen pecking around - all these are unrivalled.. letter in Kesari after seeing Harishchandra

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:31, 12 December 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
	The scene of the forest, the fire, the river, the hangman’s house, the hen pecking around - all these are unrivalled.. letter in Kesari after seeing Harishchandra		The scene of the forest, the fire, the river, the hangman’s house, the hen pecking around - all these are unrivalled.. letter in Kesari after seeing Harishchandra

		+
		+	Kesari: Generally, what are the dimensions of each picture?
		+
		+	Phalke: It is one inch long and three-quarters of an inch wide, about the size of a thumb.
		+
		+	The film ‘Harischandra’ is 3,700 feet long.
		+
		+	That means it contains about 40,000 different pictures.

←Older revision		Revision as of 21:27, 30 July 2006
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		+	The first telephone service in India begins in Simla; the first carrier system is between Delhi and Agra in 1930. The militant [[Ghadar Movement]], calling for the violent overthrow of the British rule, is started by US-based Indians in San Francisco. [[Pherozeshah Mehta]] starts the Bombay Chronicle. [[Jaladhar Sen]] and [[Amulyacharan VIdyabhushan]] start the popular Bengali literary monthly [[Bharatbhasha]];early essays on film include [[Pramathanath Bhattacharya]]'s 'Bioscope' in the inaugral issue and [[Narendra Dev]]'s 'Chhayay Mayay Bichitra Rahasya' on film making techniques, later published as a book in 1934; the monthly also publishes [[Saradindu Bandopadhyaya]]'s screenplay of [[Kalidasa]]. Rabindranath Tagore receives Nobel Prize for literature. [[Bal Gandharva]] starts the [[Gandharva Natak Mandali]], the most famous of the Sangeet Natak repetoiries. The Parsee theatre group, [[Khatau-Alfred]], performs [[Narayan Prasad Betaab]]'s 'Mahabharata' play.
		+
		+	Phalke's Raja Harishchandra opens on the 21st of April to a select audience, on 3 May, it opens commercially in Bombay's [[Coronation Cinematograph]].
		+	----
		+
	==Events==		==Events==
	{{Year E}}		{{Year E}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Events==
 {{Year E}}
@@ Line 23: / Line 22: @@
 * [[April 24]] - [[Woolworth Building]] opening ceremony.
 ===May===
 * [[May 13]] - [[Igor Sikorsky]] becomes the first person to pilot a four engine [[aircraft]].
 * [[May 14]] - [[New York]] Governor [[William Sulzer]] approves the charter for the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] which begins operations with a $100,000,000 donation from [[John D. Rockefeller]].